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World Diabetes Day falls on 14 November each year. In addition to managing blood glucose levels, people with diabetes should be aware of other related health risks, including shingles, also known as herpes zoster.
What Is Shingles, and Why Does the Virus Reactivate?
Shingles, medically known as herpes zoster, is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus can remain dormant in the nervous system. If immune function declines, the virus may reactivate and cause shingles.
According to the report, ageing, excessive fatigue and illness may be associated with viral reactivation. Shingles does not affect older adults alone; younger adults and students can also develop the condition. Being young or generally feeling well should therefore not be a reason to overlook the risk.
How Do Diabetes and Shingles Affect Each Other?
The report cited research suggesting that people with diabetes have an approximately 40% higher relative risk of developing shingles than the general population. This describes a difference in relative risk between two groups; it does not mean that 40 out of every 100 people with diabetes will develop shingles.
In addition to a higher risk of developing shingles, people with diabetes are more likely to experience postherpetic neuralgia—persistent nerve pain following shingles. Even after the skin symptoms have improved, the pain may continue, affecting daily activities and quality of life.
The relationship between diabetes and shingles is not one-way. According to the report, shingles may make blood glucose levels more difficult to control and may worsen other existing conditions, with some patients requiring hospital treatment. During an episode of shingles, it is therefore important to monitor existing health conditions as well as manage the skin symptoms and pain.
Having Had Shingles Does Not Rule Out Recurrence
The report quoted a doctor as reminding readers that people with diabetes may have weaker immune function and a higher risk of shingles recurrence. Having had shingles before should therefore not be taken to mean that preventive measures are no longer necessary.
The pain associated with early shingles may be difficult to recognise. In the case described above, the man was only diagnosed after blisters appeared on his scalp. Anyone who develops symptoms suggestive of shingles, such as an unusual rash, blisters, pain or fever, should seek medical attention promptly rather than self-diagnosing or delaying treatment.
The report noted that appropriate antiviral treatment within 72 hours of symptom onset can help shorten the period during which blisters develop and reduce pain. Even if symptoms have already persisted for some time, patients should still seek medical advice so that a doctor can assess their treatment and follow-up needs.
What Steps Can Be Taken for Prevention and Management?
Check and Manage Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Blood Glucose as Appropriate
The report cited a doctor’s recommendation to pay attention to the screening and management of high blood pressure, high blood lipids and high blood glucose. After recovering from shingles, patients may also discuss with their doctor whether checks for these conditions, along with liver and kidney function tests, are appropriate to identify any underlying health problems. The choice and timing of tests should be based on individual circumstances.
Monitor Existing Health Conditions During Infection
People with diagnosed diabetes who develop shingles or experience other changes in their health should inform their treating doctor. This allows the doctor to assess whether their blood glucose control or other existing conditions require further follow-up.
Explore Shingles Prevention Options
Healthy lifestyle habits help support immune function, but they may not completely prevent shingles. People with diabetes can ask a healthcare professional about their individual shingles risk and available preventive options, including vaccination. Understanding the benefits, limitations and potential side effects can help them make an informed decision.
Look Beyond Blood Glucose to Related Health Risks
World Diabetes Day is not only a reminder to monitor blood glucose levels, but also an opportunity to review overall health. Appropriate testing, ongoing management and early discussions about prevention can help provide a clearer direction for personal healthcare.